Live magazine In recent years considerably they increased obesity studies supercharger. Globally it has been on an alarm because today, excess weight is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In 2008 our country a national law, the 26,396, which declares of national interest the prevention, treatment and research on obesity along with other eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia was issued. The neurosciences have also addressed this issue and studying in an interdisciplinary way and from different levels (from the genetic, molecular him, the neurobiological and behavioral). The feeling of hunger is generated when, to take a while without eating, are activated in our stomach molecular mechanisms that control the lack of nutrients in the digestive tract. Then the stomach secretes a hormone called "ghrelin" which acts on receptors in the brain, specifically the hypothalamus, linked to the regulation of eating behavior area. As we eat, satiety mechanisms related to soar. A gastrointestinal level, we have identified several hormones, which send signals to the hypothalamus to suppress appetite and stimulate energy expenditure. But what happens when you eat beyond satiety? At the neurological level, the urge to eat experiencing the obese person is not so different that the momentum of an addict to drugs. In 2001, the medical researcher Gene-Jack Wang overweight measured in the amount of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that activates systems of pleasure and reward, which were in brain areas such as the nucleus accumbens. The results showed that the higher the body mass index of people, lower the number of dopamine receptors. As people addicted to drugs, most overweight people suffer from a shortage of dopamine. This possibly makes seek new rewards and consume more food. The brain compensates for excess dopamine received after a binge, reducing the number of receptors of this neurotransmitter. The amygdala is another area of the brain involved in eating behavior. It was recorded in an investigation that was activated when people looked at pictures of food only if they were hungry. Also it relieved greater activity in this area in studies on drug addiction. Another region of the brain involved in addiction is the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which seems to function as a control center monitoring our behavior. People who were injured in the COF by an accident or illness often can not be controlled, act impulsively and show some degree of addictive behavior. In addition it has been shown that the COF is activated to a lesser extent than in healthy people addicted people. And it was observed that is associated with the processing of pleasure and food aversions. It is essential to consider all of these data gives science when designing individual treatment and public policy. For the laws that impact increasingly on the facts of a better life for the whole community.
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Posted by: Murli dhar Gupta <mdguptabpl@gmail.com>
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